ENDURING UNDERSTANDING:
The structure and function of political institutions reflect the allocation of power
within a political system.
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Explain the structure,
function, and change of
executive leadership in
course countries.
ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE:
Governments have executive institutions,
including chief executives and cabinets, that
formulate, implement, and enforce policy
through different methods and agencies.
Titles, powers, structure, and functions vary in
executive leadership across the six countries:
a. China’s president serves as commander in
chief, chair of China’s Military Commission,
and General Secretary of the Chinese
Communist party (NPC); the president
nominates the premier of the NPC,
who in turn serves as head of government
overseeing the civil service; changes
in top leadership are accomplished
behind closed doors.
b. Iran’s Supreme Leader sets the political
agenda, serves as commander in chief,
and appoints top ministers, the Expediency
Council, half of the Guardian Council,
and the head of the judiciary. The president
is elected for up to two 4-year terms,
oversees the civil service, and conducts
foreign policy.
c. Mexico’s elected president, as both head
of state and head of government, serves
as commander in chief and leader of the
bureaucracy, and can approve domestic
legislation and lead foreign policy;
the president is restricted to one term.
d. Nigeria’s elected president, as both
head of state and head of government,
serves as chief executive, commander
in chief, and head of civil service, and
can approve domestic legislation and
conduct foreign policy.
e. Russia’s prime minister, the head of
government, oversees the civil service.
The elected president, head of state and
commander in chief, appoints top ministers,
conducts foreign policy, and presides over
the Duma under certain conditions.
f. The United Kingdom’s monarch serves
ceremonially as head of state and formally
appoints as prime minister the leader of
the party or coalition holding the largest
number of seats in the House of Commons.
The prime minister can call elections, sets
the foreign policy agenda, and serves as
de facto commander in chief and chief
executive over the civil service.
Activity # 1:
Boris Johnson Addresses Parliament Article - Brexit Latest Developments
Activity # 2:
UK's Governance & Policy Making Notes
Activity # 3:
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